What is a Cherry Tree?
A cherry tree is a species of tree in the genus Prunus and is related to the apricot, peach, and plum. The most popular types of cherry trees grown in gardens are sweetcherry (Prunus avium) and sour cherry (Prunus cerasus). The trees can reach a height of 20 feet and can have a spread of 30 feet. Flowers begin to bloom in May and cherries begin to ripen in July and August.
Can you Plant a Cherry Pit and get a Tree?
Though not a guarantee, it is possible to plant a cherry pit and harvest a cherry tree. Pits must be placed in a warm space with moist soil as early in the spring as possible, making baby sprouts. As they grow they will need plenty of sunlight and water, and protection from extreme temperatures and animals. Another factor to consider when planting cherry pits is to ensure that the soil has enough macro-nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
According to experts, when planting cherry pits, the key is to get the pit out of the refrigerator as early as possible and to expose the embedded un-dried seeds to water and warmth as soon as possible. Doing this before the end of April or beginning of May is considered to be the best timing for germination. The pit should be planted two inches deep in the soil and surrounded by some high-quality, nutrient-rich soil.
Caring for Your Cherry Tree
Once your sprouts have emerged, it is important to provide them with the best environment possible to ensure growth. The soil’s pH can affect its ability to convert fertilizer into usable forms. A soil pH of around 6.5 is considered to be ideal. Adding homemade compost to the soil can increase the potency of the soil and help give your new tree more sustenance.
It is also important to protect the tree’s tender trunk and leaves from animals, either through physical protection, protective sprays, or even certain commercial deterrents. Just as important, provide adequate water for the young, vulnerable tree since an adequate water supply is essential for all plants.
Harvesting and Storing the Cherries
Once your cherry tree matures, it can yield a great harvest of fruit. Cherries begin to ripen from the bottom of the tree. Depending on the variety of cherry tree, these fruits can be harvested from summer to autumn. Fruits may be harvested from the same tree for up to four years.
Once harvested, cherries should be kept refrigerated to delay ripening and prevent early spoiling. The cherries should be washed and dried carefully and stored in the fridge in a plastic container until ready to eat.
Needles and Insects
It is important to keep an eye out for insects and needles. If a tree’s leaves have been infected by needles, it may need a Dutch-style haircut. This entails cutting off the infected needles short enough so that the shoots do not overlap the needle clusters.
It is also important to watch how and when other insect infestations, such as spider mites, are happening. These insects can cause wilting and stunted growth. If your tree is infected with any type of insect, you can use Safer brand insecticidal soap or Neem oil to help get rid of it.
Germination Assistance
To give germination a boost, experts recommend preparing the cherry pit with a scarification, which is a method of breaking open the thick outer coating to allow moisture to get in. Scarifying can be done with a file or even a sharp rock. However it is advised that a tabletop version is safer to use. Warmer climes should be chosen for best results.
Fertilising the Soil
Adding fertilizer is essential for good growth and yields in cherry trees. Organic fertilizers, for instance, work best because of their slow-release nitrogen, important for cherry tree development. Compost and other certified organic fertilizers are good, as are fish emulsion or chicken manure. Adding fertilizer too often can suffocate the roots, so it is important to monitor the soil nutrients and adjust accordingly.
Eliminating Weeds
Learning to identify and pull out weeds that choke the tree is important, as cherry trees are not pest-resistant. Additionally, A mixture of white vinegar, salt, and water is often an effective weed killer. Finally, mulch should also be used to help kill weeds and retain moisture in the soil.
Pruning your Cherry Tree
Pruning is an important part of tree maintenance, but it should be done carefully and conservatively. Removing too much growth can weaken the tree and make it vulnerable to pests and diseases. Signs that pruning is required are when a tree’s branches are rubbing against each other or causing too much shade on other plants. Removing dead branches and overcrowded growth is also beneficial.
Planting Companion Trees
The cherry tree can be one of many plants in an orchard. Planting companion trees can be beneficial. Trees such as apple, almond, pear, or peach trees can provide extra nitrogen for soil fertility. Fast-growing trees such as willow and poplar can also help provide shade. The trees can help with erosion control, shade, pollination and other nutrient needs.
Protecting from Birds and Pests
Birds can cause significant damage to an emerging cherry tree. To keep them away, hanging reflective aluminium strips, large spinning discs, Mylar balloons, or a fog of water can be effective. Netting can also be used to keep out birds, as well as other pests, such as animals and insects.
Managing Disease and Pests
Cherry trees are highly susceptible to pests, diseases and environmental conditions. Blight, powdery mildew, and brown rot can cause significant damage to the tree. If any of these appear, it is important to act quickly and remove the affected areas. It can also be beneficial to use natural insecticides, systemic fungicides and organically approved insecticides and fungicides.
Protection from Frost and Freezing
Cherry trees are vulnerable to frost and freezing. To protect from cold damage, an artificial windbreak or tall trees can be planted around the cherry tree. Additionally, installing a high-pressure lamp near the tree may also provide warmth and protection from the cold. Finally, covering the tree with good quality sheets or blankets can also be beneficial.
