Location
When it comes to planting a cherry tree, it is important to choose the right location. Ideally, a cherry tree should be planted in an area that receives full sun for at least six hours daily. If the cherry tree is in shade for more than half of the day, it may not produce fruit. Before planting, it is essential to study the weather patterns in your area. For example, if you live in a warm and dry region, it is important to pay particular attention to the tree’s irrigation needs.
Season
When planting a cherry tree, it is best to choose early spring (either March or April depending on your climate) as this is when the tree can start to establish itself before temperatures begin to rise. It is also important to ensure that the last frost has past before planting a cherry tree as cold temperatures can be damaging and may even kill the plant.
Soil
When planting a cherry tree, it is important to ensure that the soil is well-drained with no standing water. Clay or heavy soil that confines water around the tree’s roots can prevent oxygen from reaching them, making it difficult for the tree to survive or even thrive. Similarly, soil that is too sandy can prevent water from reaching the root system, drying out over time.
Pruning
Pruning is an important part of cultivating a cherry tree and should be done at least once a year. It is best to prune the tree in late winters, when the tree is still in a dormant state, as pruning can take some time since it involves selectively removing branches to promote healthy and abundant growth. Pruning also helps to get rid of diseased or dead branches, which can reduce the amount of fruit the tree will produce.
Pollination
Cherry trees are self-fertile, which means they can pollinate themselves without the need of another tree. However, it is best to plant two varieties of cherry trees together if possible as this will encourage cross-pollination and increase the chances of a successful harvest.
Watering
Once planted, the cherry tree should be watered regularly. Watering should be done 2-3 times a week, particularly during the summer months when the soil can dry out quickly. It is important to ensure that the root system is getting enough water, as prolonged dry spells can impact the tree’s health.
Fertilizer
Once the cherry tree is established, it is a good idea to fertilize it once a year in spring, as this will encourage strong and healthy growth. A slow-release fertilizer should be used that is specifically designed for fruit trees, as this will supply the tree with all the necessary nutrients it needs to produce healthy fruit.
Pest Control
Cherry trees are susceptible to pests and diseases, so it is important to keep a watchful eye out for any signs of infestation in the foliage or branches. Inspecting regularly can help to identify any potential problems early, as this will make it easier to manage. If pests or disease is spotted, contact a professional to get advice on how to control and treat the issue.
Protecting From Frost
Cherry trees are quite fragile and can be damaged by temperatures below freezing. To protect the tree from frost, it is important to cover it with a cloth when temperatures drop. Alternatively, the tree can be moved to a sheltered area or indoors in extreme cases.
Harvest
When the cherry tree is established and mature, it is ready to produce fruit. Harvesting should be done regularly, as over-ripening can cause the cherries to spoil. Each cherry tree is unique, so it is best to familiarize yourself with your tree and learn how to tell when the fruit is ready for picking.
Thinning
Thinning the cherry tree is an important step that should not be overlooked. Too many fruits on the tree can cause the branches to break, as well as reduce the quality of the fruit. Once the cherries start to form, it is important to thin them regularly so that there are no more than 10-15 cherries per cluster.
Mulching
Mulching needs to be done a couple of times during the growing season. Spreading a layer of mulch around the base of the tree will keep the soil cool and can help to conserve water. Try to use organic matter such as compost, aged manure or grass clippings as these will provide the best results.
Support
As the cherry tree gets bigger and the weight of the fruit increases, it is important to provide additional support for the branches. This can be done by tying them up with string or tethers, or with poles and wires. This will help to keep the branches from breaking under the weight of the fruit and will ensure a larger harvest.