Propagating a cherry tree (Prunus avium) is a great way to preserve classic trees without having to purchase a new one from a nursery. Experts agree that propagating a cherry tree not only helps preserve a variety of heirloom varieties, but it can also be done for less than the cost of buying a tree from a nursery.
In order to propagate a cherry tree, it is necessary to cut a sizable piece of the tree and plant it in new soil. The most common method of planting is by taking a softwood cutting of an already established tree and rooting it in soil. This involves taking a piece of the tree (branch, twig or root) with some well-developed buds on it and planting it in soil. Rooting hormones can also be used to increase the success of the growth process.
Another method of propagating cherry trees is by taking semi-hardwood cuttings. These cuttings are taken from the parent tree in winter when the tree is dormant. The cuttings are much larger than softwood cuttings and require a longer rooting period. They are planted in the same manner as softwood cuttings, but require a longer period of time before they are ready to be transferred into a pot or the ground.
Grafting is another way to propagate a cherry tree. This process has been used for many centuries and is a way to combine two different varieties of the same species of tree. The process requires a skilled hand and is best completed by an experienced propagation expert. By grafting, varieties with desirable traits can be combined to create a resilient and hardy tree.
Propagating cherry trees is relatively simple and can be done in the comfort of one’s own backyard. The key to success is ensuring that the original tree is healthy, giving the cutting or grafting the best chance for success. Additionally, it is important to use a rooting hormone to increase the successfulness of the process. Lastly, cuttings should be kept moist and warm throughout the rooting period, as this will encourage healthy root growth and enhance the chances of success.
Soil Selection
When propagating a cherry tree, it is important to select the right soil. This involves choosing a soil which is free draining, yet able to hold moisture. It should also be high in organic matter and contain some form of fertilizer. A potting mix rich in compost, peat moss and a slow-release fertilizer is the best option. Additionally, the soil should be slightly acidic. Its pH should range between 5.5 and 6.8.
Watering Requirements
Once a cherry tree is planted, it is important to keep the soil moist. This is especially true for softwood cuttings, as they need to be kept moist for several weeks for successful root formation. Hardwood cuttings usually require less frequent watering and should be checked for dryness before watering. When it comes to watering, it is important to not overwater, as this can lead to root rot. Instead, cherry trees should be watered around once a week, depending on the soil type.
Light Requirements
When propagating a cherry tree, it is important to remember that they need plenty of light to ensure successful growth. Cuttings should be kept in direct sunlight and should not be allowed to dry out. If possible, the cuttings should be placed in bright and shaded areas to ensure adequate amount of light. It is also important to ensure that the cuttings are not exposed to extreme temperatures, as this can cause damage to the tree.
Positioning
In order to ensure healthy root formation and growth, it is important to ensure that the cuttings are planted in the right position. This means that the cuttings should be placed in an area which offers protection from wind and is not exposed to extreme temperatures. Additionally, it is important to remember that cherry trees prefer well-drained, slightly acidic soils.
Fertilizing
Fertilizing a cherry tree is an important step in propagating the tree. Experts recommend using a balanced, time-release fertilizer which is high in nitrogen and contains trace elements. This is to ensure that the tree receives the proper nutrition for successful growth and bloom. When fertilizing, it is important to remember to not overfertilize, as this can lead to burn damage to the young tree.
Pruning
Pruning is a necessary step in propagating a cherry tree. Pruning ensures that the tree has a strong structure and is able to withstand extreme weather conditions. As the tree matures, it should be pruned often, to encourage healthy growth and fruit production. When pruning, it is important to make sure that no more than ⅓ of the tree’s canopy is removed. This ensures that the tree’s resources are not spread too thin.
Winterizing
In order to ensure the health of a newly propagated cherry tree, it is important to winterize the tree before cold weather sets in. This involves wrapping the tree in a specifically designed winter tree wrap and adding a layer of mulch around the tree. While winterizing the tree, it is important to ensure that the root system is not exposed to frost. This can lead to disease or death of the tree.
Planting
Once the cherry tree has successfully rooted and is ready for planting, it is important to choose a location that is sheltered from the wind and provides adequate light. Additionally, it is important to make sure the soil is well-drained and slightly acidic. When planting the tree, it is important to dig the hole twice as deep and twice as wide as the rootball. This allows enough room for growth and eliminates the risk of the tree becoming root-bound in the future.
Mulching
Mulching is an important step when propagating a cherry tree. Mulching helps the soil retain moisture and keeps the roots cool in periods of hot weather. When applying mulch, it is important to spread a layer of 2-3 inches around the tree. It is also important to keep the mulch away from the trunk to ensure the roots are not exposed to disease or fungus.
Transplanting
Transplanting a cherry tree is the final step in propagating the tree. When transplanting, it is important to use care so as not to damage the root system. This involves choosing the right sized pot, filling the pot with appropriate soil, and choosing the correct location for the tree. Additionally, it is important to water the tree before, during and after the transplanting process.
