Rooting an apple tree cutting is a process whereby a sapling or cutting from an existing tree is used as a source of a new apple tree. It requires patience and care, but the results can be rewarding. To successfully root an apple tree cutting, there needs to be a mix of the right conditions and ample knowledge. Herein, the fundamentals of rooting an apple tree cutting are outlined.
First, a suitable cutting needs to be sourced. This will require the right type and size of apple tree cutting to be chosen, as well as one that will root in the given environment. With this in mind, it is best to take a cutting from a tree that is at least three years old and not more than five years old. It should also be in good health and free from diseases or any other afflictions.
Next, the cutting needs to be prepared for rooting. This can be done by cutting the end of the stem at a 45 degree angle. It should also be about four to six inches in length and have at least two or three sets of leaves. Once cut, a rooting hormone should be applied to the exposed end to ensure proper root formation. This hormone acts as a growth stimulant for the roots, making them grow much faster.
The cutting should then be planted in a growing medium like potting soil, moss, or coconut coir. The growing medium should be moist and not too wet, as too much moisture can lead to rot. Once planted, the cutting should be placed in bright but indirect sunlight and kept moist. Depending on the variety, the cutting can take anywhere from 4-6 weeks to root.
Finally, the rooted cutting needs to be cared for properly. This involves fertilizing regularly and monitoring the plant for disease or pests. If the environment is too dry, the soil should be moistened regularly. Adequate sunlight should be provided as well. If done right, the cutting should begin to bear fruit in 2 – 3 years.
Preparing the Cutting
Before rooting an apple tree cutting, there are a few steps that should be taken to ensure success. The chosen cutting should be the right size and type for the given environment, and preferably taken from a tree at least 3 years old. Once cut, the end should be at a 45 degree angle, with at least two or three sets of leaves. Doing this helps prepare the cutting for rooting, and allows for proper root formation.
A rooting hormone should be applied to the exposed end of the cutting. This is done to stimulate root formation, and typically requires mixing the hormone with water and applying it directly to the end of the cutting. The hormone should be applied on the same day that the cutting is taken, as the effects wear off rather quickly.
The cutting should also be planted in a growing medium right away. This helps facilitate root formation and prevents the cutting from drying out too quickly. The growing medium should be moist, but not too wet as too much moisture can lead to rot. It should also be in a place that gets ample indirect sunlight, as a lack of sunlight can stunt the growth of the plant.
Caring for the Cutting
Caring for the cutting is key to successful rooting. The soil should be kept moist, but the environment should not be overly saturated. The cutting should also be fertilized once every few weeks, and monitored for any signs of disease or pests. If the environment is too dry, the soil should be watered regularly. Adequate sunlight should be provided, as well.
In addition, the cutting should be sheltered from wind or other harsh weather conditions. Wind can be especially damaging, as it can dry out the cutting and its roots very quickly. A sheltered area with ample sunlight is ideal for the cutting. With the right conditions and enough care, the cutting should begin to bear fruit in 2 – 3 years.
Grafting the Cutting
In some cases, grafting may be required for successful rooting of apple tree cuttings. Grafting is a process in which two plants are joined together, so the new plant is a offspring of two different plants. It is usually done using pictures and twine, but there are other methods as well. Grafting helps ensure that the new plant has the proper characteristics to survive, and can also help increase the speed at which the new tree grows.
Grafting is a relatively simple process. After the two plants have been chosen, they need to be joined. This involves cutting off the top of the apple tree cutting, and joining it with the top of another tree. The cut needs to be done precisely, and done in such a way that the two plants fit together snugly. Once the plants have been joined, the twine or picture can be used to secure the union.
With the proper grafting technique and adequate care, the cutting should be successful in its rooting. The plant should take a few days to adjust to its new environment, but in a few weeks it should start producing budding roots. After that, the plant should start producing leaves and eventually begin to produce fruit.
Conclusion
Rooting an apple tree cutting is an age-old process that can be rewarding if done correctly. It requires careful sourcing of a suitable cutting and attention to detail when preparing and caring for it. The cutting should then be planted in a suitable growing medium and sheltered from wind and other harsh weather conditions. Grafting may also be required in some cases. With enough patience and the right conditions, the cutting should begin to bear fruit in 2 – 3 years.
