A lemon tree is a highly resilient specimen of flora that can survive in temperatures as low as -4°F. This hardiness, even as much as -7°F, has enabled it to spread to various regions of the world, including some of the coldest climates. It’s worth noting that while the tree can survive a certain level of cold, its effectiveness in producing fruit may be reduced or lost altogether if its environment is not suitable. In order to maximize the health and fruit production of a lemon tree, the following conditions should be provided to reduce chill temperatures.
The most important factor in how cold a lemon tree can survive is moisture: if the soil is overly wet, it can lead to root rot from the cold temperatures, significantly impacting the tree’s potential for survival. If the soil is too dry, on the other hand, it can also cause further damage to the tree as it struggles to obtain enough water for survival. It is therefore imperative to make sure that the tree is in a location where it has access to well-draining soil and water.
In colder climates, it’s important to protect the lemon tree from excessively cold temperatures by providing insulation from the elements. Cover the tree with a blanket or sheet to help trap heat in the canopy and reduce the temperature below which it can survive. Additionally, mulching the lemon tree with 2 – 3 inches of organic material that can help trap moisture as well as provide insulation can also be very helpful in providing a temperature-stable environment.
As a lemon tree requires more water in colder climates to survive, it is important to ensure that the tree receives enough water throughout the growing season. It is recommended to water the tree twice a week, providing about 2 gallons of water per tree. When temperatures drop below 0°F, trees may require additional protection by covering them with cloth or placing buckets of water around them. This will prevent freezing temperatures and allow the tree to stay hydrated.
In addition to the proper moisture levels and insulation, the lemon tree should also be given adequate sunlight to thrive. Trees need 8 – 10 hours of sunlight a day, so be sure to provide them with enough light by planting them in full sun locations. It is also helpful to prune the tree regularly, as this helps to increase air flow inside the canopy and can reduce the chances of frost damage.
Fertilization
Fertilization is also important for lemon trees growing in cold climates, as it helps to promote healthy growth. Fertilize the tree with a nitrogen-based fertilizer twice a year – once in the spring and once in the fall. Apply the fertilizer according to the labels instructions and avoid over fertilizing, as this can lead to issues such as leaf burn. Additionally, cover the fertilizer with soil mixture to prevent it from leaching away due to the cold temperatures.
Chilling Hours
Another factor to consider when growing a lemon tree in a colder climate is the number of chilling hours it receives. A lemon tree requires between 800 and 1000 chilling hours, which is the amount of time that temperatures are below 45°F. Trees that receive fewer than 800 chilling hours may not produce fruit, or will produce poorly, so it’s important to check the chilling hour requirements for the specific type of tree you’re planting.
Temperature Monitoring
To ensure that the lemon tree is receiving enough chill hours and to monitor the temperatures during the growing season and winter months, it is best to use a thermometer. Furthermore, to avoid potential damage from the cold, it is important to monitor temperatures regularly and take steps to protect the tree if temperatures approach the freezing mark.
Dormancy Steps
Finally, it is important to take steps to induce dormancy in colder climates in order to promote a successful growing season and a cold-hardy lemon tree. During the winter season, reduce watering the lemon tree and prune back the branches to prevent excessive growth. When temperatures reach higher than 40°F, it is important to increase the watering and prune in order to promote a healthy and successful growing season.
