Preparing the Soil for Planting
It is important to take time when preparing the soil for planting cherry trees. This is not a process to rush through, but one that requires time and care. Gardening experts recommend tilling the soil to a depth of at least 8-12 inches to ensure that the soil is loose and open. If the soil is too compact, it will create a barrier for the tree’s roots to penetrate. After tilling, mix the soil with organic matter such as compost, cow manure, and any other material that adds nutrient value to the soil. For acidic soil, add elemental sulfur to lower the pH before the tree is planted.
Choosing the Right Variety of Cherry
There are numerous varieties of cherries and it is important to choose the right one that is suitable to the climate. Taking into consideration the hardiness zone of your area is important as it will determine the type of cherry tree which one should buy. Gisela 5 and Gisela 6 are two of the most cold-hardy hybrid cherries. If you are living in a warmer climate, go for varieties such as Burbank Favorite, Badaam Verse and Morishima 4.
Planting & Positioning the Tree
Ideally, the cherry tree should be planted in late winter or in early spring. Once purchased, begin by digging a hole twice as wide as the rootball and the same depth as the tree is currently in the container. Place the roots in the hole and fill the hole with soil and compost, lightly compacting around the overflowing soil until the tree is firmly in the ground. Lastly, position the tree carefully in an area where there is plenty of sun and away from strong winds.
Fertilization Techniques
Fertilizing is an important step in maintaining the health and growth of a cherry tree. Though it is possible to purchase commercial fertilizers, some gardeners prefer to use natural fertilizers such as compost and sheep or chicken manure to feed the tree. Organic matter releases its nutrients slowly, meaning that it is not necessary to fertilize every month. Fertilize the tree in spring prior to leafing and again in late summer after harvesting.
Watering & Pruning
Cherry trees require plenty of water and need to be watered deeply and evenly. Water the tree at least twice a week for at least 10-12 minutes, depending on your area’s climate. Pruning should be done annually to promote air circulation, to avoid overcrowding, and to keep the tree healthy. Prune in winter and remove any dead branches and suckers that may be growing.
Protection from Disease & Pests
Cherry trees, like any other tree, can be affected by many diseases and pests if not protected. Make sure to inspect the tree daily and watch out for signs of insect damage, such as aphids and scale. Use insecticides and fungicides if it is necessary to control the pest or fungus. Some specie-specific diseases such as brown rot can be prevented by planting disease-resistant varieties or by spraying with an organic fungicide.
Harvest Time
Harvesting cherries is a rewarding experience and it is the best time to collect the sweet fruits. Fruits should be harvested when they are ripe, usually when they reach full color. Pluck them gently from the tree and make sure to store them in a cool and dry place as soon as possible.
companion plants
An effective and natural way to protect cherry trees from disease and pests is by planting companion plants near the tree. These plants will help to suppress weeds, distract pests and ultimately minimize their damage. Some of the more beneficial plants to use include peppermint, chives, and garlic.
vigorous weeding
One of the most crucial steps to take when growing a cherry tree is to vigorously weed around the tree. Weeds can overtime weaken the structure of the tree by competing for soil nutrients and water. Make sure to remove any weeds that appear in the soil near the tree as this will help to maintain the optimum health of the tree.
mulching
As cherry trees require plenty of water, a layer of organic mulch can help to reduce water loss from the soil. Mulch helps to retain moisture and also prevents weeds from sprouting. Well-rotted manure and compost are two ideal materials for mulching. Spread around 4-6 inches of mulch in an even layer around the base of the tree.
home remedies
Home remedies are often an effective way to deal with issues that commonly occur when growing cherry trees such as pest infestations and nutrient deficiencies. For example, sprinkling baking soda around the root zone can help to prevent and treat fungal diseases. A mixture of water, garlic and hot pepper can also be sprayed around the tree to ward off pests.
