Supplying Important Nutrients
Grafting an avocado tree is a labor-intensive process that involves transferring a mature, healthy branch from one tree to another. The branch being used, or scion, must have healthy, plump leaves that reach outwards with plenty of sunny exposure. The stem must also have a certain hardness and age. To graft an avocado tree, the scion needs to be carefully cut and inserted into a notch in the trunk, known as a “bark bridge”, of the healthy tree. This bridge needs to be bolted together and bound tightly with yarn, baler twine, or nylon tape. The scion should then be misted with a nutrient solution that supplies the necessary vitamins and minerals for the tree to grow properly.
Choosing the Right Scion
For a successful avocado tree graft, the careful selection of scion is essential. A scion should be about 7 to 8 inches long, with four or five plump leaves. When choosing a scion, the first criterion should be robustness. The scion should show that the branches, buds, and twigs are all actively growing and healthy. Secondly, sufficient nutrient reserve should be present in the scion. Thirdly, the scion should have a good gene pool and it should be genetically compatible with the rootstock. Before taking the scion, the tree has to be properly inspected for diseases, parasites, and any other signs of deficiency.
Preparing the Scion and Rootstock
A mature branch needs to be cut by way of a wedge cut. The scion should then be inserted into the bark bridge of the rootstock. To ensure a successful avocado tree grafting process, the cambium layers of the scion and the rootstock should be completely aligned and their surfaces should be in direct contact. The two parts should be tied together securely with a nylon tape or baler twine. To ensure a strong and successful bond between the two pieces, pest-prone areas should be regularly disinfected.
Enhancing Fruits Production and Morphing Healthier Trees
Grafting an avocado tree is essential to produce fruit-bearing branches and also to improve the tree’s general health. Whenever a scion is added, the tree is also essentially “refreshed” and less prone to parasites. A successful graft will also allow the avocado tree to produce more fruits and produce them longer. Grafting also improves the flavor, texture and color of fruits grown in the tree.
Achieving Healthy and Productive Trees
Grafting is a great way to realize a variety of benefits for avocado trees. The process removes tired, old, and disease-prone branches, ensuring only healthy and vigorous branches are present. This allows the tree to uptake and store nutrients more efficiently, improving its overall health. Grafting helps retain the size of the tree, and the added scion helps the tree produce fruits longer.
Grafting Tips for a Successful Result
Grafting is a complex and labor-intensive process that requires an experienced and knowledgeable hand. Here are some tips that professionals suggest to ensure a successful avocado tree grafting:
- Choose the scion and rootstock carefully.
- Inspect both parts of the tree for any visible signs of disease and parasites.
- Make sure the cambium layer of both parts is aligned when joining the scion and rootstock.
- Secure the grafting point with a strong and versatile binding.
- Check and make sure that the sapwood layers of both parts have a direct physical contact with each other.
- Fertilize the tree frequently.
- Mulch the soil to retain moisture, reduce weeds, and to provide much-needed nutrients.
- Ensure sufficient sunlight for the tree.
- Prune old and unproductive branches for keeping the tree healthy.
Minimizing the Risks in Grafting
If not done correctly, grafting can damage or kill the avocado tree. It is strictly recommended to cut scions from trees that have a good reputation of producing quality fruit. If there is any doubt, it is better to avoid grafting altogether. Careful attention should be given when cutting the scion as well. Cutting it too deep or in an uneven way can slow the process of healing and increase the chances of failure. To avoid any undesirable scenarios, it is important to hire an experienced and knowledgeable professional to carry out the grafting.
Monitoring the Grafting Process
After the grafting process has been successfully completed, the tree should be monitored carefully. It might take anywhere from a few weeks to a few days for the grafting to take hold. Signs that the grafting process has been successful include a rise in the temperature of the graft point, swelling on the cutting area, and a milky substance being secreted from the graft point. If any of these signs are absent for a long period, it is a sign that the grafting has failed, and the process should be repeated.
What Happens After the Tree Begins to Produce Fruits?
Once the grafting process is a success, the tree will begin to produce fruits. At this stage, the most important thing is to maintain regular watering and fertilizing. Fertilizers should be balanced to ensure sufficient nitrogen, phosphates, and other essential elements are being provided. Shade and protection from strong winds should also be provided as needed. The appropriate use of mulches and compost can help to protect and enhance the soil quality, which will have a positive effect on the yield of the tree.
Ensuring Optimal Growing Conditions
It is important to ensure the tree has optimal growing conditions. The right amount of sunlight is essential, as too much or too little can be detrimental to the health of the tree. Soil fertility, moisture, and pH levels should also be taken into consideration. For example, if the soil is too acidic, it is important to balance it out. The same goes for water—too much or too little can be damaging. It is also important to inspect the tree regularly for any signs of disease or insect damage. Taking good care of the tree and providing it with the right amount of nutrients, sunlight, and water will ensure it has the greatest chance of being successful.
Making Use of Existing Trees
Grafting an avocado tree is a great way to make use of existing trees and keep them alive and healthy. It helps to ensure a continuous supply of fruits. This process is best done by an experienced professional and following the tips outlined above will reap a plentiful harvest. With proper care, an avocado tree grafted correctly will last for years and provide years of delight.
