As a knowledgeable horticultural expert, I am often asked why my lemons are dropping off the tree. After investigating the potential causes, I’ve designed this article to educate you on the common factors which contribute to the decline of lemon fruiting.
Temperature
Temperature is a major factor influencing fruiting cycles in lemons. Trees need warm days with adequate sun for growth and healthy fruit production. If temperatures drop below freezing, fruit will not develop correctly, or can be killed or fall off. Additionally, fruit that has already formed will not mature properly if temperatures remain below 60 degrees Fahrenheit.
Pruning
Pruning is essential for successful fruiting of lemons. Pruning keeps branches healthy and able to support the weight of fruit. Pruning also allows adequate sun and airflow. Pruning too frequently can cause fruit to drop prematurely. Additionally, pruning at the wrong time, usually during a tree’s flowering season, can often cause poor fruit set and reducing the citrus fruit formation.
Water & Nutrition
Adequate water and nutrition is essential for fruit development and growth. Trees will suffer from dehydration if they don’t receive enough water, reducing the number of fruits and delaying the ripening period. Additionally, an imbalance of nutrition can affect the quality and abundance of new or current fruits, causing them to fall off prematurely.
Fungal Diseases
Fungal diseases such as powdery mildew, citrus greening, botrytis, and citrus canker can cause leaves and fruits to drop from the tree. These diseases can spread very quickly, so it is important to take preventive measures and identify them quickly. Using appropriate fungicides and monitoring can help to control the spread of these diseases and reduce their effects.
Insects & Pests
Insects and pests can damage tree and fruit health, causing fruits to fall prematurely. Common citrus pests are aphids, whiteflies, mites, and mealybugs. Regular monitoring and eliminating pests can help protect the tree from these common pests. Additionally, using organic or chemical insecticides can help prevent further fruit drop from the tree.
Pollination
Pollinators such as bees and other insects are essential for successful pollination and for the production of fruit. If there is a lack of pollinators, or if the pollination process is not successful, it can cause poor fruit set or poor quality of fruit, leading to fruit drop. The best way to ensure the successful pollination of fruit is by providing a suitable habitat and environment for native pollinators.
Fruit Bagging
Fruit bagging is an effective way to prevent fruit drop and improve the overall quality of fruits. Bagging the fruits and trees with soft mesh bags will help limit wind damage and protect the fruits from pests, animals and other damaging factors. Additionally, fruit bagging will help regulate the temperature and humidity around the tree, providing the best conditions for healthy fruit growth and ripening.
