Prune Properly
The pruning of a cherry tree is essential for its health and good production. It is important to note that pruning should only be done when the cherry tree is dormant or late in the winter. Pruning during the summer or late flowering stages could damage the growth of the tree and limit its fruit production. It is important to use sharp and clean pruning tools to reduce the risk of infection and disease. Before pruning, all diseased wood should be removed and burned. Pruning should also focus on encouraging a balanced canopy by removing inward growing branches and crossing branches. In addition, cutting back unwanted, vigorous shoots can help to ensure the tree does not topple over in the future.
Train and Support
Training and support systems for cherry trees are also essential for the tree to grow and bear the best cherries. Different support systems can be used, from metal poles and mulch to stakes or trellises. These systems should be set up before the tree begins to produce fruit. The support should grip the stem firmly but with enough space for the stem to increase in girth over time. Pruning should also be done in a way that encourages good air circulation to prevent disease and provide good light for pollinators.
Mulch and Water
Mulching is an important practice for cherry trees, as it helps to insulate the roots and conserve moisture. Applying two to three inches of organic material such as wood chips or hay around the tree can help protect it against drought and extreme temperatures. Additionally, regular and deep watering is essential for the tree’s growth and development. The soil should be kept moist at all times, but never soggy. Soil that is too wet can lead to rot and disease in cherry trees.
Fertilize and Protect
It is important to provide adequate nutrition for a healthy cherry tree. Applying a balanced fertilizer twice a year in the spring and fall can help ensure the tree has the essential ingredients for growth and health. Care should be taken to avoid over-fertilizing, as excessive amounts can damage the tree’s roots and limit its capacity to store nutrients. In addition, preventive maintenance should be done to protect the tree against insect infestation and disease. Pruning and mulching can help, as can insecticides and fungicides.
Harvest and Store
Timing is key when it comes to harvesting cherry trees. The cherries should start to change color when they are ripe. If they do not begin to change after several weeks, they should be harvested regardless. Once harvested, cherries can be stored in the refrigerator for a few days but should be eaten as soon as possible for the best taste and nutrition.
Prepare for Pest Problems
Cherry trees are susceptible to a variety of pest problems, from birds to insects. Bird netting can be used to protect the trees from birds and wildlife. Insecticides, such as neem oil, can also be used to keep ants, aphids, and other insects away from the tree. Besides this, sticky traps can be placed around the base of the tree to keep away other pests such as scale insects.
Find the Perfect Spot
The location of the cherry tree is also important for its success. The tree should be planted in a sunny but sheltered location, as too much sun can cause sunburn on the cherries. The soil should also be well-drained, as waterlogged soil can cause the roots to rot.
Overwinter and Prune Again
Cherry trees require little maintenance during the winter months. However, pruning may be necessary to manage the shape of the tree. If the tree has become too large for the area it is planted in, it may need to be pruned to remove risk of toppling over. In addition, it is important to inspect the tree for dead or diseased branches and remove them if detected.
Improve Soil Conditions
In order for the cherry tree to reach its full potential and bear the best fruit, the soil must be healthy. Adding organic matter such as compost can help to improve the soil structure, as well as add nutrients the tree needs for sustained growth. In addition, regular soil tests should be done to discover soil deficiencies and adjust accordingly.
Cultivate Healthy Roots
The roots of the cherry tree also need to be maintained for healthy growth. Weed control is essential as they can compete with the tree for nutrients and water. Additionally, mulching can help keep the roots cool in the summer and warm in the winter.
Increase Pollination
Pollination is key for good fruit production. To improve pollination, it is recommended to plant flowers and shrubs near the cherry tree to attract bees and other pollinators. Additionally, good tree health is key for effective pollination, so it is important to provide the cherries with adequate nutrition and water.
Attract Beneficial Insects
Another way to improve a cherry tree’s health is to attract beneficial insects. These beneficial insects can be beneficial in reducing pest damage and keeping the tree healthy. Planting certain flowers and herbs near the tree can attract these insects to the area. Herbaceous perennials such as oregano, chives, and lavender can help attract beneficial bees, wasps, and aphid predators.
Fungal Diseases: Prevention and Treatment
Fungal diseases can be serious threats to cherry trees, and it is important to take preventive measures to reduce the risk of infection. Pruning, washing equipment, and avoiding overhead watering can help reduce the spread of disease. Additionally, fungicidal sprays may be used to control the spread of the disease.
Manage Common Pests
Common pests such as aphids can also cause problems for cherry trees. Using horticultural oil or insecticidal soap can help to treat and reduce the pest population. Additionally, a moth trap can be used to reduce the moth population and prevent caterpillar damage.
Prevent Mechanical Damage
Mechanical damage can come in the form of wind, frost, or even animals. To prevent mechanical damage, it is important to place the tree in a sheltered spot that is out of the wind and away from animals. In addition, the cherry tree should only be planted in areas that are well-drained to prevent frost damage.
Care for the Cherries
Once the cherries have been harvested, it is important to keep them as fresh as possible. To do this, it is recommended to store the cherries in a cool and dry container. Before eating the cherries, it should be checked for bruises or other signs of damage, and any that are found should be discarded. Additionally, cherries should be stored in the refrigerator to increase their shelf life.
